Showing posts with label airplanes. Show all posts
Showing posts with label airplanes. Show all posts

November 22 - Fantastic Flyers Day

  Posted on November 22, 2021


This is an update of my post published on November 22, 2010:



On this day in 1899, aviator Wiley Post was born. He got his flying license in 1926—and it was signed by Orville Wright—despite the fact that he wore an eye patch because he'd lost his left eye in an oilfield accident.


Post made some contributions to the world of aviation, aside from being an early flyer. With navigator Harold Gatty, he set a record for around-the-world travel, and he was the first to fly around the world solo. He invented one of the first pressurized suits to wear when he flew around the world, and he did research on jet streams.

Post's pressurized suit

Unfortunately, Post died flying. In 1935 he piloted a small plane with humorist Will Rogers as his passenger. They traveled from Seattle to Alaska safely, despite the fact that the small plane was nose-heavy due to the size of the floats needed for water landings, but on one take-off (at Point Barrow, Alaska), the engine failed and the plane crashed. Both men died instantly.



On this day in 1971, Elgen Long became the first person to fly over both poles in one flight. Long flew around the world, starting and ending at San Francisco, California, and flying over both the North and South Poles.



In that one flight, Long set 15 world records and firsts! He also received worldwide acclaim.


What are jet streams?

Jet streams are fast-moving air currents. They are caused by Earth's rotation, because the air around the equator has to move very quickly to “keep up” with the planet's rotation, but the air at the poles has to move hardly at all. This speed difference makes a difference as the air at higher altitudes “slips” and falls behind the speed of the air below.

The slipped air is affected by temperature differences and differences in water content—and these differences are affected, in turn, by the location of continents and oceans.

The upshot is that some parts of the atmosphere travel faster than other parts.


Jet streams are important in weather prediction and especially in air travel. Flights that can take advantage of the jet streams, which flow from west to east, can travel more quickly than can flights that have to battle against the flow. Also, turbulence is associated with the edges of jet streams.

To learn more about jet streams, check out Kids Ahead



August 27 - First Jet Flight!

Posted on August 27, 2020

The first aircraft to fly with power coming from turbojet engines was the Heinkel He178.

And its first successful flight was on this date in 1939.



Early airplanes were powered by gasoline-fueled piston engines. The engine of an early airplane would spin a propeller, and the wing-shaped blades of the propeller provided thrust in a similar way to wings providing lift. The difference in air pressure between the back of the propeller blade and the front of the propeller blade pushes the plane forward.



Jet engines provide even more thrust - and so jet planes can travel further, faster than prop-planes. Another name for a jet engine is a gas turbine.


The engine sucks in air (gas) with a fan.
The compressor has many blades attached to a shaft; when the shaft is rapidly turned, the air is pressed together.
The compressed air is sprayed with fuel, and an electric spark lights it - and the burning gases expand rapidly and shoot out the nozzle on the back of the engine.
(Along the way, the gases enter a turbine with many, many, many blades attached to a shaft - and the rushing air spins the blades, thus turning the shaft.
The air rushing out of the back of the engine prompts "an equal and opposite reaction" - and the plane is thrust forward. 




July 14 - First and Fastest on the Fourteenth!

Posted on July 14, 2019

There are so many world records and so many "firsts" accomplished around the world, probably every single day, that I could probably write a story called "First and Fastest" every day.

Today's story is about human flight:



On this date in 1911, an exhibition pilot landed a plane on the White House lawn. This was less than eight years after the first brief flight performed by the Wright Brothers - and already one of their exhibition pilots, Henry Atwood, was dazzling top D.C. officials!

Later, President Taft awarded Atwood with a Gold Medal.



Flash forward more than half a century...

On this date in 1938, pilot and businessman Howard Hughes set a new world record - by flying around the world in just 91 hours! This beat the old record by - get this! - almost four days!!

Even though Hughes had already become rich and successful in business, including in "show biz" (he was a movie producer)...

Even though Hughes was known among many Hollywood fans because he had dated actors like Katharine Hepburn and Ginger Rogers...

It was this world record that made Hughes really famous, and New York City even threw him a ticker-tape parade.

In case you're wondering, Hughes flew around the world with a Lockheed 14 Super Electra twin-engine plane and a crew of four: in addition to his own role as pilot, Hughes included on this record-breaking flight a co-pilot, a navigator, an engineer, and a mechanic. There was also a man on the ground who worked as a flight operations manager. Hughes' plane was the latest in 1938 aeronautics technology, including a top-notch radio and navigation equipment


Hughes' voyage included legs from New York City to
Paris (France); Moscow, Omsk, and Yakutsk (Russia); Fairbanks (Alaska),
Minneapolis (Minnesota), and then back to NYC.