Showing posts with label vitamins. Show all posts
Showing posts with label vitamins. Show all posts

July 16 - Happy Birthday, Joseph Goldberger

Posted on July 16, 2021

This is an update of my post published on July 16, 2010:



Born on this day in 1874, in Hungary, Joseph Goldberger came over to the U.S. with his parents in 1883. He became a doctor and studied diseases (which means he was an epidemiologist), and he was nominated for the Nobel Prize five times for his work on the disease called pellagra.

When Goldberger was asked to study pellagra, most doctors thought it was an infectious disease that spread from person to person. However, Goldberger thought it was related to diet. He did some careful restricted-diet experiments with volunteers—studies that spanned several years—and Goldberger was able to show that people who had diets of mostly corn and corn products were at a greatly-increased risk to get the disease.


By 1928 Goldberger was able to determine that it was a Vitamin B3 (niacin) deficiency that caused pellagra.

Unfortunately, Goldberger died the next year of cancer.

Foods high in niacin include eggs, meat, avocados, tomatoes, leafy vegetables, broccoli, carrots, nuts, legumes, and mushrooms (plus many more!).



Quick Quiz

Which of these diseases is caused by a vitamin deficiency (but of another vitamin, other than B3)?

1. rickets
2. pneumonia
3. flu
4. scurvy


ANSWERS: 
(1) Rickets is Vitamin D deficiency. 
(4) Scurvy is Vitamin C deficiency.

Find Out More

Here is a website with info about vitamins and what they do in our bodies. There are lots of other health topics to click on, too!

A simple, fun approach to vitamins is this You Tube video!



November 13 – Happy Birthday, Edward Doisy

Posted on November 13, 2014

People are always talking about Vitamin C, urging us to ward off colds before they start by taking Vitamin C. Sometimes people talk about adding Vitamin D to milk and getting Vitamin D from sunlight, and sometimes they talk about the B vitamins (I've noticed that Vitamin B12 is especially noteworthy!). I often hear parents remind kids that there is Vitamin A in carrots, and that's why carrots are so good for our eyes, so eat up! And I've seen several people rub Vitamin E on their scars to make them smaller and thinner – although apparently Vitamin E doesn't really work to do that!

But who ever talks about Vitamin K?

And why is it K, instead of F (which is next after Vitamin A, B, C, D, and E)?

And what, oh, what does Vitamin K have to do with today?

Last question first:

Today is the birthday of an American biochemist named Edward Doisy, and he and Henrik Dam discovered Vitamin K and its structure.

He even won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for this discovery!

So...what exactly is Vitamin K?

It is really important, because this vitamin is required to make proteins that are required for blood coagulation (also known as blood clotting). And blood clots are important so we don't bleed to death from the first tiny cut we get!

Learn more about coagulation, or blood clotting, here

There are other uses for Vitamin K as well (for bone health, as a weapon against fungi, and so forth).

Why the letter “K”?

Doisy's work on Vitamin K was informed by the work by Danish scientist Dam, whose research was first published in a German journal. In German, the vitamin was called Koagulationsvitamin – and eventually, of course, people shortened that to Vitamin K.


Also on this date:


Women's education rights activist Dorothea Erxleben 


































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October 16, 2011 - Happy Birthday to Biochemists!



You probably know that chemistry is the science of matter – of stuff.
Biology is the science of living things.

Which makes biochemistry the science of the stuff, the materials, that living things are made out of...


Henry C. Sherman, born in the U.S. on this day in 1875, did analysis of vitamins and minerals to figure out what they do for us and also how much we need of each one.

Sherman was a very careful experimental scientist, and he did each experiment many times before publishing. He was associated with Columbia University for 60 years, won many medals and honors, and was the author of ten books. I am shocked to tell you that there is no Wikipedia article about him! This is truly a first for me! There are Wikipedia articles on almost everything—including the high school down the street from me, the Korean-American actor who plays my favorite character in the TV show The Mentalist, the nearby shopping mall, and the author of some little-known books that were favorites of mine when I was a child!

So, if anyone wants a writing assignment that will contribute to the world, how about writing up Henry Clapp Sherman for the world's favorite freebie encyclopedia?



Cyril Ponnamperuma, born in Sri Lanka on this day in 1923, became a leading expert on the chemical origins of life.

Ponnamperuma moved from Colombo, the capital city of Sri Lanka, to India, then England, and then the U.S., as he pursued higher and higher education and degrees. He became closely involved with NASA, becoming an “exobiologist,” one who searches for life beyond Earth.


Check out biochemistry at the Chem4Kids website. 
Experiments can be found at Home Biology
There are several kids' books about biochemistry, exobiology, and the closely related astrobiology. Here is one.