Showing posts with label glass. Show all posts
Showing posts with label glass. Show all posts

February 26 - Lots of Arms and Very Hot Liquid?

     Posted on February 26, 2022


This is an update of my post published on February 26, 2011:




What has 6 to 20 arms and blows air into hot liquid?

Michael Joseph Owens's glass-blowing machine.

Glass blowing has been practiced since before the ancient Roman Empire, but Owens created a machine that could automatically make more than one bottle at a time. The machine cut loose the finished pieces, which were then carried by conveyor belt to the annealing oven, where they were slowly cooled. (Annealing helps to make glass stronger, less brittle.)


On this date in 1895, Owens received a patent for his invention. A later version of the machine could make four bottles per second. Altogether, Owens received more than 45 patents for glass-blowing apparatus.



Explore some more...


Check out glass blowing by hand on this video.


Here is a video that names the various tools used in hand glass blowing.

Here is a video of a factory making glass bottles. And here is another video with clear information about each step of machine-made glass containers.

 

Maybe there is a glass-blowing shop, class, or museum near you. If so, check it out!

September 8 - Happy Birthday to Crafty Artists

Posted on September 8, 2017

"Arts and crafts" is something that people include in kids' programs held at public parks, at Girl Scout meetings, in old folks' homes, and so forth. You say "arts and crafts," and I'm as likely to think of macaroni pieces glued to a piece of cardboard as I am of the late-19th- and early-20th-Century Arts and Crafts movement.


Like any other art movement, the Arts and Crafts movement was complex, featured the ideas of many different individuals, and is hard to sum up in just a sentence or two. But one motivation for the movement was the fact that household items were, by and large, no longer hand crafted but rather were manufactured goods coming out of factories. In the 1880s, designers criticized these goods as poorly designed and also too ornate (overly decorated, with too many poorly-thought-out details). 

William Morris, one of the "biggies" in the Arts and Crafts movement, thought that design and manufacture should be integrated. Design is sort of a mental or intellectual thing - dreaming up an idea of what something looks like, and communicating that idea with drawings and descriptions. Actual manufacture of the object is, of course, physical. And Morris thought that whoever did the design should ALSO know how to do the physical task of making the item and should also be making decisions about the manufacturing of the item.

He thought that the utility - the actual, practical use - of the item was more important than the appearance of the item - but he still cared a lot about the appearance. As a matter of fact, he thought people should be surrounded by beautiful, well-made things.

The result of the Arts and Crafts movement was that people who designed things, and also people who did things that were considered "handicrafts," making practical things like bowls and houses and shawls and jewelry, were elevated to the status of artists. It used to be that only painters and sculptors were "really" artists. 

(We still use "fine arts" to mean the kinds of products, like paintings and statues, that have no practical use but are enjoyed only for their aesthetic or intellectual appeal.)

Today, in order to celebrate the Arts and Crafts movement and its results, we celebrate the birthdays of four artists who work with "crafts" mediums:

Barbara Walch - ceramics

Barbara Walch lives in Maine and sells cut flowers, dried
flowers, potted flowers, and other plants at a roadside stand.

And she also makes these beautiful pieces of
stoneware using an unusual "pinch" technique:




Sonja Blomdahl - glass

Sonja Blomdahl is a glassblower who studied her craft (art)
in Sweden. Today she lives in Seattle, but her work can be
seen in museums and galleries all over the world.





Richard H. Reinhardt - metal smithing / jewelry making

Silversmith and jewelry designer Richard H. Reinhardt
not only plied his craft (art), he also taught it, founding
the jewelry and metalsmithing programs at the Philadelphia
Museum of Art.




Augustus Aaron Wilson - wood carving

Augustus Aaron "Gus" Wilson was a lighthouse keeper.
He whittled and carved wooden bird decoys every
moment he could, and he sold them to a store for just
75 cents apiece! (Wow!) It is estimated that, in his lifetime, he
carved more than 5,000 pieces.

Eventually people began to appreciate his carving skill
and his imagination, and his work became collectible.

And, at that point, people began to pay a whole lot more
than 75 cents for one of his pieces. As a matter of fact,
in 2005, one decoy was sold at auction for $195,000!!!!
 
Although most of his carvings are of ducks, shore birds, seagulls,
and songbirds, Wilson occasionally carved other animals as well.





September 20 – Happy Birthday, Dale Chihuly

Posted on September 20, 2013

Dale Chihuly's glass ceiling at the
Bellagio in Las Vegas.
When I was a kid, I was amazed by glass blowing. I don't remember seeing a lot of glass blowers—perhaps just one of those guys in a shop who creates tiny delicate horses and dragons and flowers while you watch. 

I was so surprised that hard, breakable glass could be so flowy, could be blown and plucked and carved and sculpted into so many different shapes!

As an adult, I've been to some great glass places—from the Corning Museum of Glass in New York to the Waterford Crystal Glass factory tour in Ireland, from the demonstrations at Cal State Fullerton College's glass blowing studio to the Museum of Glass in Tacoma, Washington.

And one of the standouts in some of these places is the glass art of Dale Chihuly!

Chihuly doesn't dabble around making inch-long dragons for little girls. Many of his pieces are HUGE – a 30 foot (10 m) long chandelier, for example, or a 15 foot tall (5 m) tower. And these aren't large flat pieces – they are fully three dimensional. 




Some of Chihuly's pieces are representational (one may look like a crazy arrangement of brightly colored flowers, for example), but others look like a more abstract form of craziness. Twisting, bulbous, or ribbonlike, golden or azure or grass green, the glass seems to be organic, growing, living, moving things—but not necessarily anything you've ever seen before!


One of the most amazing Chihuly experiences I've ever had was walking across his Bridge of Glass. We crossed a wide freeway on a 500-foot-long pedestrian overpass, from the Museum of Glass to the old train station, where more Chihuly works are displayed. We passed the Venetian Wall, where 109 of Chihuly's works are displayed—natural light pouring through the glass wall, through the glass art, to our delighted eyes—and we passed the 40-foot-tall Crystal Towers, which looked like they'd been plucked from Superman's Fortress of Solitude. Excited to spot the Chihuly windows of the train station, we trotted over the last bit of the Glass Bridge – and it was only on the return trip that we noticed the best part of all—a ceiling of glowing, colorful “sea creatures” made of glass. To be exact, there were 2,364 glass sculptures placed on top of the 50-by-20-foot plate-glass ceiling! And of course, the glass wasn't literally glowing, but again, the natural light pouring down through the glass was transfixing!



Chihuly was born on this date in 1941, in Tacoma. I think it's very ironic that this artist, who is considered THE preeminent glass artist in the world, was badly injured by glass—but not by the glass he works with! In 1976, he was in a car accident, and he flew through the windshield. The glass cuts he suffered resulted in blindness in one eye. Chihuly wears a black eye patch (and yes, he looks a bit like a pirate!).

Three years later, a bodysurfing accident left Chihuly unable to hold a glass blowing pipe, so now he has to have assistants do work that he directs. He has said that he is now "more choreographer than dancer, more supervisor than participant, more director than actor."

Also on this date:

















Plan Ahead!


And here are my Pinterest pages on October holidaysOctober birthdays, and historical anniversaries in October.