Showing posts with label U.S. presidents. Show all posts
Showing posts with label U.S. presidents. Show all posts

May 30 - Lincoln Memorial - With Dedication

Posted on May 30, 2020



Today many of us are still Staying At Home due to the global pandemic. But we can still visit the Lincoln Memorial in a virtual way!

On this date in 1922, the Lincoln Memorial was dedicated.

Did you know that a powerful Speaker of the House gummed up the plans to build the Lincoln Memorial? Here is the story - and it's NOT what I expected, so maybe not what you expect as well!

Here is a short, general video about the Lincoln Memorial - including mention of the dedication. It may not surprise you to learn that the dedication ceremony was segregated by race.



Here are some tips for real-life visiting the Lincoln Memorial - when we can travel again!









Just a reminder: some important things have happened at the Lincoln Memorial - like Marian Anderson's 1939 concert on the steps of the memorial - with more than 75,000 people attending in person and millions more listening on radio!!! Anderson had been barred from singing in Washington D.C.'s Constitution Hall, because she was black, so when she sang "My Country, Tis of Thee..." - she was making a statement!

In 1957, around 25,000 people attended a rally at the memorial - called a Prayer Pilgrimage - to draw attention to the lack of progress in desegregating schools and to push for new civil rights laws.

And of course the 1963 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom ended at the Lincoln Memorial, and that's where Martin Luther King, Jr., gave his "I Have a Dream" speech. That event included around 200,000 participants and is memorialized with a plaque positioned where King stood.


This wasn't an event, but it was a visit by President and First
Lady Obama (the two figures entering the temple part of the
memorial), with a few photographers and security people in
attendance. I found this photo beautiful and also evocative...
partly because the people are so dwarfed in size by the statue
of Lincoln.


December 28 - Happy Birthday, Woodrow Wilson

Posted on December 28, 2018

Woodrow Wilson was one of the better presidents in the United States; the scholar-survey rankings in Wikipedia put him in the upper quartile in almost every case - and the two that rank him lower than that actually ranked him #11 - which today would (barely) put him in the upper upper quartile but didn't when those particular surveys were done.

So, how did Wilson score so well?

He flaunted the wishes of the "party bosses" of his political party (Democrats) in order to pass progressive laws; he established new economic regulations to help make America more stable and fair; he tried to establish a worldwide organization to foster peace and international cooperation.

Here are a few good and bad things about Wilson:

Hooray!

Woodrow Wilson was the first president with a PhD. His doctorate was in Political Science. He was a professor at Princeton University before he was Governor of New Jersey and, later, President of the U.S.






 Boo!

Wilson (who was born in the South) was very racist. He believed in segregation and allowed his cabinet to expand segregation within the federal government.

Hooray!

Wilson's attempt to create a League of Nations won him a Nobel Peace Prize...

Boo!

...but the League of Nations was too weak to be effective and didn't result in an enormous outbreak of peace.

Hooray!

Wilson tried to keep the U.S. out of the war, but then he stood up against German aggression when Germany urged Mexico to go to war with the United States in order to distract from Europe, and when Germany kept attacking American ships with their U-Boats (submarines).



Boo!

The Sedition Act cut into free speech rights during times of war.






December 5 - Happy Birthday, Martin Van Buren

Posted on December 5, 2018

Today's famous birthday, born on this date in 1782 in New York, was one of the founders of the Democratic Party - AND he was a political leader with a pretty primo resume:

State Senator in New York
14th Attorney General of New York
U.S. Senator from New York
9th Governor of New York
10th U.S. Secretary of State
8th Vice President of the U.S.
8th President of the U.S.

Here are a few tidbits about Martin Van Buren:

He was the only U.S. president to speak English as a Second Language. His first language was Dutch - even though he was born in New York!

Van Buren's birth name wasn't "Martin," but rather the Dutch version, "Maarten." He was the first U.S. President that wasn't born a British subject (because he was born several years after independence was declared) nor of British ancestry.



In 1931, President Andrew Jackson appointed Van Buren as the ambassador to Great Britain. But one of Jackson's and Van Buren's enemies was the Vice-President at the time, John C. Calhoun, and he led many senators into rejecting the appointment.

Apparently Calhoun was elated and told a friend that Van Buren's career in politics - at least at the federal level - would be over after that rejection. Calhoun reportedly said, "It will kill him dead, sir, kill him dead."

But instead, Calhoun's action against Van Buren made the latter more popular with Jackson and with many others in the Democratic Party - and that's why Van Buren ended up being Jackson's Vice President for his second term, and then president.

In other words, Calhoun tried to destroy Van Buren but instead helped make him the head of state!

Way back when Van Buren was young, he actually owned a slave (and his dad owned six slaves), although that one slave ran away and remained free for the rest of his life. 

A New York born-and-bred slave owner? Remember, the north only got rid of slavery gradually from the late 1700s to the early 1800s. 

When he ran for president, Van Buren tried to win the southern states by promising them that he was not an abolitionist, but as he got older, Van Buren became more and more outspoken in opposition to slavery. When many southern Democrats turned against him, Van Buren ran for a second term as president with a third party, the Free Soil Party. 





 

Also on this date: