Showing posts with label secession. Show all posts
Showing posts with label secession. Show all posts

April 23 – Happy Birthday, President Buchanan

Posted on April 23, 2017

What's the most common first name of U.S. Presidents? If you guessed Barack, no, actually, that's not correct! George is the first name of three presidents (including two recent presidents and "the father of our country"), William is the first name of four presidents (including one recent president), and John is the first name of five presidents (JFK was most recent - and he's not that recent!). 

But the most common presidential first name is James. That's the first name of today's presidential birthday, James Buchanan, and it was also the first name of James Madison, James Monroe, James Polk, James Garfield, and James ("Jimmy") Carter.

James is also the first name of my husband, and I have always noticed that it is always pretty darned popular. Back in 1900, it was #3 in popularity in the U.S., and recently it only fell to #7 (John fell from #1 to #26 in the same time period). 



James Buchanan might have had a common first name, but he was uncommon as a president in several ways:

He was the only president who was a life-long bachelor.

Despite the fact that Pennsylvania is a fairly large state, was one of the original thirteen states, and was hugely important to the new nation back when the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution were being written there - despite all of that, Buchanan is the only president to have come from Pennsylvania!

Buchanan, who was born on this date in 1791, was the last president to have been born in the eighteenth century.

Buchanan had high hopes for himself, wanting to be as great a president as George Washington. But he ended up being ranked as one of the worst. While he was president, the crisis over slavery, over whether Kansas would enter the Union as a slave or a free state, and other "sectional" issues that divided the nation were reaching a fever pitch. An economic panic hit the nation during his four-year term, and when Abraham Lincoln was elected on a platform of keeping slavery out of all Western territories, seven Southern states seceded from the nation.

That's right, Buchanan spent four quite-possibly-miserable months being president of a country that was splitting apart!

Buchanan, who like many presidents was a lawyer before he was a politician, said that secession was illegal - in other words, that it wasn't legal for the Southern states to break away from the United States - but he also said that going to war over secession was illegal, too. 


This message made everyone mad. Southerners were mad that Buchanan said that secession was illegal. Northerners and abolitionists were mad that Buchanan said military response to secession was illegal.

Several of Buchanan's cabinet resigned. A Southerner said he could no longer work for Buchanan, and a Northerner said that Buchanan wasn't doing enough to stop the secession.

Tensions continued to rise. A really great leader might have been able to lower tensions and - who knows? - avoid the bloodbath that was the Civil War. 

But Buchanan was not a really great leader. He basically did nothing.

By trying to please everyone, Buchanan pleased no one.



Many historians have said that Buchanan's failure to deal with secession was the worst presidential mistake ever made.



Also on this date: 


























The Day of the Rose and the Day of the Book in Spain


























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August 23, 2010

The State of Franklin Established – 1784


Did you know that part of the land that now makes up Tennessee was once the state of Franklin?


The pioneers who had settled this land, which originally belonged to North Carolina but had been given to Congress and then taken back again, became upset with the government of North Carolina and decided to set up their own independent state. On this date in 1784, representatives of four North Carolina counties declared their lands independent of North Carolina.


The first proposed name was Frankland, but when the Continental Congress wouldn't admit the tiny state to the union, leaders changed the name to Franklin. They were hoping that fans of Benjamin Franklin would look on their state with favor. However, Congress never did admit the state to the union, and after four years, Franklin folded. The counties went scuttling back to North Carolina, wanting protection from the state militia.


Like I said, the counties became part of Tennessee in 1796.


There are still a few remnants of the State of Franklin: there is a State of Franklin Bank and a State of Franklin Road in modern-day Tennessee.


Did you know...?

  • In 1854, the California State Assembly passed a plan to cut the state into three parts, Colorado (the name wasn't in use as a state name then), Shasta, and California.

  • The State of Jefferson, created from Northern California and Southern Oregon, was ceremonially declared in 1941.

  • In 1969, some people ran for city government in New York City under the platform that NYC should secede from New York State and become the 51st state!

  • There are a few groups today that want to secede from the United States? The Alaskan Independence Party, famous because Sarah Palin's husband Todd was a registered member for seven years, wants Alaska to become an independent nation, and there are petitions for California's secession on the internet.